§¶§à§â§Þ§Ñ §à§Ò§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §°§é§ß§Ñ§ñ

§°§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§í

§°§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§Ñ §Þ§Ñ§Ô§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§í ?§³§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ? §á§à§ã§Ó§ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ú§Ù§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ, §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §ã §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §ã§Ú§Ý§í §Ó §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç: §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§Ú§ñ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó, §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä§í, §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§à-§ä§Ö§ç§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ñ §ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§Ú§Ú. §°§ã§à§Ò§à§Ö §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §å§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§å §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§ñ §ß§Ñ§Õ §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §æ§å§ß§Ü§è§Ú§à§ß§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§Ø§Ú§Þ§à§Ó, §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §Ù§Ñ§á§â§Ö§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ó §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §ã§æ§Ö§â§Ö
§°§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Û §è§Ö§Ý§î§ð §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§í §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ü§Ñ §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ï§Ü§ã§á§Ö§â§ä§à§Ó, §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í§Þ§Ú §Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§í §Ó §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§Ñ§ç, §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ§ç, §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§ç §Ú §Ó §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§ç §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§à§Û §Ú§ß§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú§ß§Ñ§é§Ö §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §ã §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ, §Ú§Ù§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ú§Ý§Ú §à§ã§Ó§Ö§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à-§á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ §ã§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û. §£ §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú §ã §ï§ä§Ú§Þ §Ó §á§â§à§è§Ö§ã§ã§Ö §á§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ü§Ú §à§ã§à§Ò§à§Ö §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §å§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §â§à§Ý§Ú §Ú §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §Ú §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §ã§Ú§Ý§í, §æ§à§â§Þ §Ú §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ§à§Ó §Ö§Ö §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §ß§Ö§Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §è§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û, §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ö§Û §Ú §á§Ö§â§ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó §Ö§Ö §ï§Ó§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Ú, §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ

§±§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§ä§î §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§ð

§£§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Ú§ã§á§í§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ

§©§Ñ§é§Ö§ä §à§ß§Ý§Ñ§Û§ß-§Ü§å§â§ã§à§Ó

§°§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§Ö §å§é§Ö§Ò§ß§í§Ö §Ü§å§â§ã§í

§°§Ò§ë§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§í §Ú §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ§í §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ
§³§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§Ú§ñ §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §Ó XIX-§·§·I §Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ§ç
§Á§Õ§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ñ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§Ú§ñ §Ú §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§î §ß§Ñ§Õ §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú
§£§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ú§ß§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§Ú§ñ
§¬§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§î §ß§Ñ§Õ §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §â§Ñ§Ù§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö
§±§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§í §Ó §ã§æ§Ö§â§Ö §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§ñ §ß§Ñ§Õ §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú

§±§â§Ö§Ú§Þ§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §à§Ò§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ

§£§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§à§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §Ñ§á§á§Ñ§â§Ñ§ä§à§Þ §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §ã§æ§Ö§â§Ö §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§Ú§Ú, §à§Ò§à§â§à§ß§ß§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ó §ã§æ§Ö§â§Ö §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú
§¢§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§í§Ö §ß§Ñ§Ó§í§Ü§Ú §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§ß§à§Û §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú
§©§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§à§Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ
§¯§Ñ§Ó§í§Ü§Ú §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ô§ß§à§Ù§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ
§¯§Ñ§Ó§í§Ü§Ú §Ú§ß§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à-§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ó §ã§æ§Ö§â§Ö §à§Ò§à§â§à§ß§ß§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú
§©§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§Ó§í§ç §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §à§Ò§à§â§à§ß§í §Ú §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú
§¯§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §à §ä§Ö§ç§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ñ§ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§Ñ§ç §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §ã§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ú §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §ä§Ö§ç§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú
§¢§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§í§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §ã§æ§Ö§â§Ö §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §â§Ñ§Ù§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§ñ §ß§Ñ§Õ §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú
§±§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ö§Û §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §Ú §Ú§ß§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à-§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ó §ã§æ§Ö§â§Ö §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§Ú§Ú
§©§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §ä§Ö§â§Þ§Ú§ß§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§Ú §Ú §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í§ç §ä§Ö§ç§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ñ§ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§à§Ó §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à-§á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ
§³§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ß§à§ã§ä§î §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ñ§ä§î §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§æ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§ç §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§à§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§ß§í§ç §ã§æ§Ö§â§Ñ§ç §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú

§ª§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§Ö §á§â§Ö§á§à§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú

§¡. §À. §±§Ñ§Ó§Ý§à§Ó ¡ª §â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§í, §Õ§à§Ü§ä§à§â §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§å§Ü, §Õ§à§è§Ö§ß§ä §Ü§Ñ§æ§Ö§Õ§â§í §ä§Ö§à§â§Ú§Ú §Ú §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û. §¡§Ó§ä§à§â §á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §á§à §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §Ú §ã§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ §â§å§ã§ã§Ü§à§Þ, §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Þ, §æ§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§ã§Ü§à§Þ, §á§à§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Þ, §Ô§â§Ö§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Þ §ñ§Ù§í§Ü§Ñ§ç, §á§â§à§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý §ã§ä§Ñ§Ø§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ü§Ú §Ó §å§ß§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ§ç §Ú §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§ç §Ó §³§º§¡, §ª§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ú §Ú §±§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö. §£ §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§à§â§Ñ §á§â§Ö§á§à§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý §Ó §¶§å§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Þ §å§ß§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ö (§º§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§Û), §Ó §³§Ñ§ß§Ü§ä-§±§Ö§ä§Ö§â§Ò§å§â§Ô§ã§Ü§à§Þ §ß§à§â§Ó§Ö§Ø§ã§Ü§à§Þ §å§ß§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§ã§Ü§à§Þ §è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ö
? §¡. §¡. §®§Ñ§Ý§í§Ô§Ú§ß§Ñ ¡ª §Ü§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ú§Õ§Ñ§ä §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§å§Ü, §Õ§à§è§Ö§ß§ä. §¡§Ó§ä§à§â §á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §á§à §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ§Þ §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§ñ, §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §ç§Ú§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ó§à§Û§ß§í, §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §Õ§Ú§á§Ý§à§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ú §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§ñ §ß§Ñ§Õ §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §á§Ö§â§ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Þ §å§Ü§â§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §¬§à§ß§Ó§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §à §Ù§Ñ§á§â§Ö§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ò§Ú§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ú §ä§à§Ü§ã§Ú§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§ñ. §¹§Ý§Ö§ß §²§Ñ§Ò§à§é§Ö§Û §Ô§â§å§á§á§í §á§à §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Þ§å §â§Ñ§Ù§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ó §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö §Ú §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Þ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö §¸§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §¡§Ý§î§Ó§í §®§ð§â§Õ§Ñ§Ý (§µ§á§á§ã§Ñ§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §å§ß§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§ä, §º§Ó§Ö§è§Ú§ñ). §¹§Ý§Ö§ß §â§à§ã§ã§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à-§Ô§Ö§â§Þ§Ñ§ß§à-§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §ï§Ü§ã§á§Ö§â§ä§ß§à§Û §Ô§â§å§á§á§í §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §á§à §Ú§Ù§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ §ß§Ñ §á§å§ä§Ú §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§à§Ü§à§Ô§à §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§í§ç §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Û (Deep Cuts Commission). §²§Ö§Ô§å§Ý§ñ§â§ß§à §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§â§Ñ §Ú §â§Ö§è§Ö§ß§Ù§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ §Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§à§Ó, §á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§å§Ö§Þ§í§ç §ª§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§ä§à§Þ §°§°§¯ §á§à §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ §â§Ñ§Ù§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ (§À§¯§ª§¥§ª§²).§¥§Ú§â§Ö§Ü§ä§à§â §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ú§ã§è§Ú§á§Ý§Ú§ß§Ñ§â§ß§à§Ô§à §è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ §á§à §Ô§Ý§à§Ò§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ§Þ §Ò§Ú§à§Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú (188betÌåÓý_188betÑÇÖÞÌåÓý_µã´Ë½øÈë)

§¥§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ú §à§ä§Õ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó §Ó §ã§æ§Ö§â§Ö §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§ñ §ß§Ñ§Õ §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú
§²§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä§à§Ó §Ó §ã§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ §Þ§Ú§â§Ö
§ª§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §ã§Ú§Ý §ã§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú
§®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ö §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §ã§æ§Ö§â§Ö, §à§Ò§à§â§à§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Õ§Ú§á§Ý§à§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§ñ
§¯§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§Ú§ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó

§±§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §Ú §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ñ§ñ §Ü§Ñ§â§î§Ö§â§Ñ

§¬§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §á§à §Ó§ß§Ö§ê§ß§Ú§Þ §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§ñ§Þ §³§Ñ§ß§Ü§ä-§±§Ö§ä§Ö§â§Ò§å§â§Ô§Ñ
§¬§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §á§à §Þ§à§Ý§à§Õ§Ö§Ø§ß§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö §Ú §Ó§Ù§Ñ§Ú§Þ§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ð §ã §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §³§Ñ§ß§Ü§ä-§±§Ö§ä§Ö§â§Ò§å§â§Ô§Ñ
§±§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §®§ª§¥ §²§à§ã§ã§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §¶§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §³§Ñ§ß§Ü§ä-§±§Ö§ä§Ö§â§Ò§å§â§Ô§Ö
§¡§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §¤§å§Ò§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â§Ñ §³§Ñ§ß§Ü§ä-§±§Ö§ä§Ö§â§Ò§å§â§Ô§Ñ
§±§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §§Ö§ß§Ú§ß§Ô§â§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú
§¬§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §á§à §Þ§Ö§Ø§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ §Ú §â§Ö§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ó §³§Ñ§ß§Ü§ä-§±§Ö§ä§Ö§â§Ò§å§â§Ô§Ö
§¬§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §á§à §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ú§Þ§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ
§¬§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §á§à §á§â§à§Þ§í§ê§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö §Ú §Ú§ß§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ§Þ §³§Ñ§ß§Ü§ä-§±§Ö§ä§Ö§â§Ò§å§â§Ô§Ñ
§³§Ñ§ß§Ü§ä-§±§Ö§ä§Ö§â§Ò§å§â§Ô§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§à-§á§â§à§Þ§í§ê§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ä§Ñ
§§Ö§ß§Ú§ß§Ô§â§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ñ§ñ §ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§à-§á§â§à§Þ§í§ê§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ú §ä. §Õ.

§¡§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ú §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î (§Ó §Ú§ß§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à-§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§ç, §Ü§à§ß§ã§Ñ§Ý§ä§Ú§ß§Ô§à§Ó§í§ç §ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§Ñ§ç §Ú §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§à-§Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ§ç)
§¨§å§â§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ
§¤§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ò§Ñ

§¤§à§ã§Ü§à§â§á§à§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ ?§²§à§ã§Ñ§ä§à§Þ?
§¸§Ö§ß§ä§â §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§à§Ü
§£§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §³§Ú§Ý§í §²§¶
§ª§´§¡§² §´§¡§³§³
§ª§ß§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Ö §Ñ§Ô§Ö§ß§ä§ã§ä§Ó§à Sputnik
§¨§å§â§ß§Ñ§Ý ?§¯§à§Ó§í§Û §à§Ò§à§â§à§ß§ß§í§Û §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§Ù. §³§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§Ú§Ú?

§¡§Ü§Ü§â§Ö§Õ§Ú§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ

§±§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§Ñ §á§â§à§ê§Ý§Ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§å§ð §Ñ§Ü§Ü§â§Ö§Õ§Ú§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§ð Central Evaluation and Accreditation Agency Hannover (ZEvA), §ã§Ö§â§ä§Ú§æ§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ä §à§ä 12.03.2018

16	§¢§ð§Õ§Ø§Ö§ä
10	§¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â

§±§à§ç§à§Ø§Ú§Ö §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§í

§²§Ö§Ô§Ú§à§ß§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §²§à§ã§ã§Ú§Ú

§®§å§Ù§Ö§Û§ß§à§Ö §Ü§å§â§Ñ§ä§à§â§ã§ä§Ó§à

§³§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ

§®§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ §á§â§à§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú

§³§æ§Ö§â§í §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ó§í§á§å§ã§Ü§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó

§°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ð§ä §Ó§í§á§å§ã§Ü§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú

§±§à§ç§à§Ø§Ú§Ö §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§í

§¬§à§â§á§à§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Ö §Ü§à§Þ§Þ§å§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §â§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ñ

§²§Ö§Ô§Ú§à§ß§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §²§à§ã§ã§Ú§Ú

§®§å§Ù§Ö§Û§ß§à§Ö §Ü§å§â§Ñ§ä§à§â§ã§ä§Ó§à